Route53
Amazon Route 53 is a highly available and scalable Domain Name System (DNS) web service. You can use Route 53 to perform three main functions in any combination: domain registration, DNS routing, and health checking.
Features of Route53
DNS Management
With the help of Amazon Route 53, you can search for and register available domain names. Along with the current cost, a comprehensive list of the Top-Level Domains (TLDs) that are currently accessible is also given.
Traffic Management
According to your application’s geolocation, latency, health, and other factors, you can direct end users to the optimal endpoint available.
Routing based on Latency
End users can be directed to the AWS region with minimal latency.
Health Monitoring and Checks
Amazon Route 53 keeps an eye on your website’s or application’s health and performance. You may also keep an eye on your servers.
DNS Failover
Route your end users to an alternate location to avoid website crashes or outages.
Benefits of Route53
Flexible
Route 53 Traffic Flow provides users flexibility in choosing traffic policies based on multiple criteria, such as endpoint health, geographic location, and latency.
Cost-effective
You only pay for what you use, for example, the hosted zones managing your domains, the number of queries that are answered per domain, etc.
Also, optional features like traffic policies and health checks are available at a very low cost.
Highly Available and Reliable
AWS Route 53 is built using AWS’s highly available and reliable infrastructure. DNS servers are distributed across many availability zones, which helps in routing end users to your website consistently.
Amazon Route 53 Traffic Flow service helps improve reliability with easy re-route configuration when the system fails.
Scalable
Amazon Route 53 is designed to automatically scale up or down when the query volume size varies.
Route53 Workflow
Route53 Concepts
Domain Registration:
domain name
domain registrar
domain registry
domain reseller
top-level domain (TLD)
Domain Name System (DNS):
alias record
authoritative name server
CIDR block
DNS query
DNS resolver
Domain Name System (DNS)
hosted zone
IP address
name servers
private DNS
recursive name server
record (DNS record)
reusable delegation set
routing policy
subdomain
time to live (TTL)
Routing Policy
A setting for records that determines how Route 53 responds to DNS queries. Route 53 supports the following routing policies:
Simple Routing: Use to route internet traffic to a single resource that performs a given function for your domain, for example, a web server that serves content for the example.com website.
Failover Routing: It routes traffic to another or alternate resource when the previous resource is unhealthy. It makes one ELB (Elastic Load Balancing) on active mode and the other on standby mode. It switches automatically when there is a failover.
Geolocation routing policy: Use when you want to route internet traffic to your resources based on the location of your users.
Geoproximity Routing: It routes traffic to the resources based on the geographic location of users and their resources based on the geographic location of users and their resources. There is an option available to route less traffic or more to a given resource.
Latency routing policy: Use when you have resources in multiple locations and you want to route traffic to the resource that provides the best latency.
IP-based routing policy: Use when you want to route traffic based on the location of your users, and have the IP addresses that the traffic originates from.
Multivalue answer routing policy: Use when you want Route 53 to respond to DNS queries with up to eight healthy records selected at random.
Weighted Routing: It routes multiple resources with a single domain name and controls the traffic to be routed to each resource. It is mainly useful for testing and load-balancing new versions of the software.
Limitations of Route53
Even though it is a sophisticated DNS service with many useful capabilities, Amazon Route 53 has a number of significant limitations. The most crucial are as follows:
DNSSEC is not supported. It is not possible to use DNSSEC on AWS Route 53. DNSSEC is able to thwart man in the middle (MITM) attacks and other kinds of DNS attacks.
a single point of failure. When combined with other AWS services, AWS Route 53 could form a single point of failure. AWS Route 53 disaster recovery and associated problems are a result of this.
Price of Route 53. The service is pricey, especially for enterprises using Route 53 with non-AWS endpoints/services.
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