Network and IP

  • The Internet Protocol (IP) is a network-layer (Layer 3) protocol that contains addressing information and some control information that enables packets to be routed.

  • IP is documented in RFC 791 and is the primary network-layer protocol in the Internet protocol suite. Along with the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), IP represents the heart of the Internet protocols.

  • IP has two primary responsibilities: providing connectionless, best-effort delivery of datagrams through an internetwork; and providing fragmentation and reassembly of datagrams to support data links with different maximum-transmission unit (MTU) sizes.

IP Types

  1. Static IP

Static IP Address is an IP Address that once assigned to a network element always remains the same.

They are configured manually. Some ISPs do not provide static IP addresses. Static IP Addresses are more costly than dynamic IP Addresses.

  1. Dynamic IP

  • Dynamic IP Address is a temporarily assigned IP Address to a network element. It can be assigned to a different device if it is not in use. DHCP or PPPoE assigns dynamic IP addresses.

IP Version

  1. IPV4

  • IP stands for Internet Protocol and v4 stands for Version Four (IPv4). IPv4 was the primary version brought into action for production within the ARPANET in 1983.

  • IP version four addresses are 32-bit integers which will be expressed in decimal notation.

IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses which limits the address space to 4294967296 (232) addresses.

Parts of IPV4

  • Network

  • Host

  • Subnet

Example- 192.0.2.126 could be an IPv4 address.

  1. IPV6

  • The next generation Internet Protocol (IP) address standard, known as IPv6.

  • This new IP address version is being deployed to fulfil the need for more Internet addresses.

With 128-bit address space, it allows 340 undecillion unique address space.

Types of IPV6 Address

  • Unicast addresses

  • Multicast addresses

  • Anycast addresses

Example-3001:0da8:75a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 could be an IPv6 address.

IPV4 Vs IPv6

IP

Internet Protocol Address

  • TCP/IP version 4 or IPv4 uses 32-bit for logical address and IPv6 uses 128-bit for logical address.

  • An IP address represented in dotted decimal notation. Example- 123.22.33.44.

  • IP address is divided into net id or network id and host id.

IP Addresses are divided into five classes: Class A, Class B, Class C, Class D, Class E.

IP Address Class

IP Address Class
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