Files & Directory Management

Command	Description	Example
ls	List files and directories.	ls → Lists files in the current directory.
cd	Change the current directory.	cd Documents → Changes to the Documents directory.
pwd	Print the working directory.	pwd → Outputs /home/user/Documents.
touch	Create an empty file.	touch file.txt → Creates an empty file named file.txt.
mkdir	Create a new directory.	mkdir new_folder → Creates a directory named new_folder.
cp	Copy files or directories.	cp file.txt backup.txt → Copies file.txt to backup.txt.
rm	Remove files or directories.	rm file.txt → Deletes file.txt.
rmdir	Remove directories.	rmdir empty_folder → Removes an empty directory named empty_folder.
mv	Move or rename files or directories.	mv oldname.txt newname.txt → Renames oldname.txt to newname.txt.